英文翻譯:英翻中,英文高手請進,謝謝! - 社會議題

1. EI Nino is a shift in ocean temperatures and atmospheric conditions in the tropical Pacific that disrupts weather around the world. It all stats when eastern Pacific winds head west, plowing ocean water in front of then. When these winds ease, the waves return east, pushing down the thermocline, a layer of cool water that normally dilutes the warmer ocean surface. As surface temperatures rise, weather patterns change. But EI Nino eventually brings about its own destruction. When the waves bounce off South America an then Asia once again, their impact is inverted. As a result, the thermocline is pushed up, and the ocean’s surface cools. That gives rise to LA Nina , whose mods may be just the opposite of those shown by her timperatental brother. Heat waves may turn into cold spells and droughts into deluges.
Over the next few years, researchers hope to shed light not only on EI Nino’s past but on its future as well. For if the atmosphere warms because of the buildup of greenhouse gases, the EI Nino cycle could very well change. But how? Would it speed up, show down or stop entirely?
Given the present state of knowledge, no one can tell for sure. We will never have a complete picture of the planet’s complex, unpredictable climate patterns, but as this scientific quest moves forward, we could get useful glimpses of what lies ahead.
2．Hydraulic systems can be used to lift heavy weights using little force. This is because a 100-gram object resting on a piston with a cross section of one square centimeter produces the same pressure as a one-ton weight on a piston of one square meter. A hydraulic car jack uses the principle to raise a car by hand, pumping oil into a large cylinder that carries the weight of the car. Little force is needed, since the piston that pumps the oil is much smaller the piston that raises the car. However, several pump strokes are needed to fill the space in the larger cylinder as the car is lifted.